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EDM
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Electric Discharge Machining (EDM)
EDM, commonly known as electrical discharge machining, refers to the method of machining the workpiece in a certain medium through the electric erosion of pulse discharge between the tool electrode and the workpiece electrode.
Characteristics of EDM
1. EDM belongs to non-contact machining
There is no direct contact between the tool electrode and the workpiece, but there is a spark discharge gap, which is generally between 0.05 and 0.3mm, and sometimes it may reach 0.5mm or more. The gap is filled with working fluid. During machining, the workpiece is subject to discharge corrosion through high-voltage pulse discharge.
2. Can "overcome the hard with softness"
Since EDM directly uses electric energy and thermal energy to remove metal materials, which has little relation with the strength and hardness of workpiece materials, it can process hard workpieces with soft tool electrodes to achieve "overcoming hardness with softness".
3. It can process any difficult metal material and conductive material
Since the removal of materials in machining is realized by the electrical and thermal effects during discharge, the machinability of materials mainly depends on the electrical conductivity and thermal properties of materials, such as melting point, boiling point, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, resistivity, etc., and is almost independent of its mechanical properties (hardness, strength, etc.). In this way, the limitation of traditional cutting tools can be broken, and the hard and tough workpieces can be processed with soft tools, and even superhard materials such as polycrystalline diamond and cubic boron nitride can be processed.
4. It can process complex shape surface
Because the shape of the tool electrode can be simply copied to the workpiece, it is particularly suitable for the processing of workpieces with complex surface shapes, such as the processing of complex cavity molds. In particular, the adoption of numerical control technology makes it possible to process complex shape parts with simple electrodes.
5. It can process parts with special requirements
It can process parts with special requirements such as thin wall, elasticity, low rigidity, micro small hole, special-shaped small hole and deep small hole, and can also process small words on the mold. Since the tool electrode and the workpiece are not in direct contact during machining, there is no cutting force for machining, so it is suitable for machining low rigidity workpieces and micro machining.
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